Rancang Bangun Sistem IoT untuk Palang Parkir Otomatis dan Deteksi Slot Parkir

Abstract

Conventional parking systems are often inefficient, causing long vehicle queues and inadequate security due to error-prone manual recording. This study designs and builds an IoT-based automatic parking barrier system integrated with a parking slot detector to provide real-time information on slot availability. The prototype method was applied through literature study, hardware and software design, black-box testing, and evaluation. The system uses Arduino UNO as the controller, an ultrasonic sensor (HC-SR04) to detect vehicle distance, infrared (IR) sensors to detect occupied slots, a servo motor to operate the barrier, and an I2C 16x2 LCD to display slot information. Black-box testing shows that the barrier opens and closes correctly when a vehicle is detected, and the parking slot status is displayed accurately on the LCD. Overall validation testing confirms that all five main components (Arduino UNO, IR sensor, servo motor, LCD, and ultrasonic sensor) function properly, although the barrier-closing response takes approximately 10 seconds. The developed system is expected to improve the efficiency, convenience, and security of parking area management.